1. The element of "Opportunity" represents the attackers range to use their "ability" to injure you. Opportunity is often discussed using the Tueller Drill.

2. If you believe a threat will soon turn into physical violence, you may take the following actions to preempt an attack (least aggressive to most aggressive): (1) Issue verbal commands. Expose your firearm but leave the gun in the holster, keeping your hand on the guns grip so the gun can be quickly pulled and put into action (2) Issue verbal commands. Pull your gun from its holster and keep the gun at your side or at a low ready position (pointed toward the ground at approximately a 45 degree angle) (3) Issue verbal commands. Pull your gun from its holster and point your gun at the attacker

3. In self-defense training, you are taught to shoot with intent to kill.

4. Properly documenting your training (formal and informal) is important so that you can prove in court that you had specific knowledge at the time of the shooting.

5. The fundamental rules for safe gun handling include: (1) Treat all firearms as if they are loaded; (2) Always keep the firearm pointed in a safe direction; (3) Keep your finger off the trigger until you are ready to shoot; and (4) Keep the firearm unloaded and safely stored until ready for use (a firearm designated for self-defense is considered to be in use).

6. No matter what your level of training or how capable you believe yourself to be in handling stressful situations, you will experience, to a greater or lesser degree, a number of involuntary physiological changes during a serious defensive situation.

7. Regarding the color codes of awareness, if you are at condition red, there is a greater than 50% certainty that your life is in danger.

8. Some states do not regulate "carry" at all (aka Constitutional Carry) with the exception of having an age requirement and not being a person prohibited from owning a firearm.

9. Self defense law has evolved over hundreds of years and continues to evolve even today

10. Using excessive force to defend yourself could result in criminal charges.

11. When attacked by three or more assailants, disparity of force clearly exists. With two against one, it most likely will come down to a judgment call as to whether or not the two attackers represent enough of an overwhelming force to justify the use of deadly force for self-defense. It is important to note that should you disable one of two attackers or two of three attackers, your use of deadly force must generally stop because now disparity of force (force in numbers) no longer exists.

12. Everything you need to know about gun laws and use of force can be learned by reading the state statutes.

13. Minnesota statute 609.065 specifically covers the justifiable taking of human life.

14. Pertinent information for the 911 operator would include: (1) Full name; (2) Location / address; (3) I was attacked and I had to defend myself

15. There are valuable resources available to educate oneself on deadly encounters and the law. Select from the list all that would be considered appropriate training resources.

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