1. When carrying a firearm and stopped by a law enforcement officer, do not make sudden movements or pull out the firearm to show it to the officer.

2. There are two types of handguns: Revolvers and short barrel rifles.

3. Laws can differ greatly from state-to-state. This is especially true where firearms are concerned and the legal use of force.

4. In the State of Minnesota, your Permit to Carry information is available in the Department of Motor Vehicle (DMV) database e.g. part of your driver license information or vehicle registration information.

5. If you are attacked by someone with superior fighting skills, disparity of force can exist. The challenge is you must know your attacker possesses these skills at the time of the attack.

6. If there are witnesses to your self-defense incident, you should ask then if they are injured and ask everyone to call 911 to make a statement as to what they heard and saw. You should also call 911 yourself.

7. You should not approach the person you have just shot because this person may still be dangerous and faking injury to gain the upper hand.

8. The element of "Preclusion" allows you to stand-your-ground without a duty to retreat.

9. Law enforcement can confront you with false physical evidence in an attempt to coerce you into incriminating yourself.

10. Pertinent information for the 911 operator would include: (1) Full name; (2) Location / address; (3) I was attacked and I had to defend myself

11. Do not rely on others to call 911 for you; call yourself so your call is documented (recorded) and to ensure facts are clear.

12. Some states do not regulate "carry" at all (aka Constitutional Carry) with the exception of having an age requirement and not being a person prohibited from owning a firearm.

13. There are five possible responses to a life-threatening encounter:

  1. Freeze - The victim of the attack may be so overwhelmed or surprised by being threatened, the victim may become incapable of any action;
  2. Submit - Simply giving into the attacker;
  3. Posture - Combat without combat. Words, sounds, gestures and body language are weapons used to dominate, intimidate and subdue another. Depending on circumstances, the attacker and the victim, one may try to out-bluster the other until one backs down or flees.;
  4. Flight - Retreat or running away from the situation;
  5. Fight - The use of reasonable force to prevent an attacker from harming you

14. According to the National Rifle Association, more than 2 million assaults are prevented each year by making a potential attacker aware that the would-be victim is carrying a firearm.

15. Hollow-point bullets are designed to expand when they enter the body.

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