1. In the State of Minnesota, you may carry concealed or carry openly as long as you have been trained and the sheriff has issued you a permit to carry a firearm.

2. Self-defense is not an affirmative defense.

3. Generally, the best place to find and research firearm related products and accessories is on the Internet e.g. Google

4. Depending on your jurisdiction, there are up to five elements of self-defense law:

  1. Avoidance - Escape if you can
  2. Innocence - Don't start or provoke the fight
  3. Imminence - The attack has started or is about to begin immediately (AOJ-P analysis)
  4. Proportionality - Equal force (you cannot use deadly force against a non-deadly threat)
  5. Reasonableness - You made good decisions under the circumstances

If a prosecutor can disprove any of the five elements, your self-defense justification collapses.

5. Laws can differ greatly from state-to-state. This is especially true where firearms are concerned and the legal use of force.

6. For someone that has never handled a firearm before, specifically a handgun, it is highly recommended that the individual seek out training from someone with experience in firearms training.

7. A claim of self-defense requires that you be an innocent party and a reluctant participant in the altercation.

8. For target shooting, look for expensive name brand ammunition that is corrosive.

9. Anytime a firearm is used defensively, regardless of whether or not a shot is fired, it is important to notify the police as soon as it is safe to do so. The reason for this is the fact that the would-be criminal might decide to call 911 to report that someone (you) just pulled a gun on him. Generally, the first person to call 911 is the victim.

10. Conversations with your attorney are privileged and generally cannot be disclosed to law enforcement. This is not the case when discussing matters with friends or family.

11. In a 2006 CNN report, Minneapolis ranked in the top 25 most dangerous cities in the US.

12. Which Amendment to the US Constitution provides that, "No person... shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself..."

13. UAPDI is authorized by the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension to certify individuals so that they may teach the Minnesota Permit to Carry class?

14. The fundamental rules for safe gun handling include: (1) Treat all firearms as if they are loaded; (2) Always keep the firearm pointed in a safe direction; (3) Keep your finger off the trigger until you are ready to shoot; and (4) Keep the firearm unloaded and safely stored until ready for use (a firearm designated for self-defense is considered to be in use).

15. A good quality belt and holster is ideally required to properly support and retain a firearm.

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