1. There are valuable resources available to educate oneself on deadly encounters and the law. Select from the list all that would be considered appropriate training resources.

2. When attacked by three or more assailants, disparity of force clearly exists. With two against one, it most likely will come down to a judgment call as to whether or not the two attackers represent enough of an overwhelming force to justify the use of deadly force for self-defense. It is important to note that should you disable one of two attackers or two of three attackers, your use of deadly force must generally stop because now disparity of force (force in numbers) no longer exists.

3. As a very general rule, no one is obligated to speak to the police, but even non-verbal communication can, in some situations, be incriminating.

4. In order to use deadly force against another, the attacker must truly have the ability to kill or cause great bodily harm. This "ability” may come in the form of having a dangerous or deadly weapon or a disparity of force exists between the victim and the attacker. Select all the items below that represent a "disparity of force".

5. Which Amendment to the US Constitution provides that, "No person... shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself..."

6. The two primary reasons "open carry" is a bad idea include: (1) There is a high probability that anyone who sees you with a handgun will call 911 and law enforcement will be forced to waste their time and yours investigating your lawful right to carry. (2) You are alerting potential attackers that you have a gun which eliminates or greatly reduces your tactical advantage. Why give others (criminals) the advance notice that you are carrying a firearm?

7. Opportunity to cause great bodily harm or death nearly always exists with firearms.

8. Minnesota does not have a statute related to "Negligent Storage of Firearms"

9. For self-defense ammunition, only buy high quality name brand cartridges. Most often, personal-defense ammunition comes in some variation of a hollow-point bullet.

10. Beyond a reasonable doubt would suggest 75% to 99% certainty.

11. The Glock 19 has no exposed hammer. This gun uses an internal striker.

12. In Minnesota, posted private establishments can prevent permit holders from carrying a firearm within their business.

13. Minnesota statute 347.17 states, "Any person may kill any dog that the person knows is affected with the disease known as hydrophobia, or that may suddenly attack while the person is peacefully walking or riding and while being out of the enclosure of its owner or keeper, and may kill any dog found killing, wounding, or worrying any horses, cattle, sheep, lambs, or other domestic animals." - Statute 347.17 is an example of a statute possibly needing to be researched in order to find out how the courts actually interpret this statute.

14. The Supreme Court has held that police must stop questioning suspects once they assert their right to counsel, but it has also held that a person must affirmatively invoke the right to silence.

15. The fundamental rules for safe gun handling include: (1) Treat all firearms as if they are loaded; (2) Always keep the firearm pointed in a safe direction; (3) Keep your finger off the trigger until you are ready to shoot; and (4) Keep the firearm unloaded and safely stored until ready for use (a firearm designated for self-defense is considered to be in use).

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